Nephrology is the field of medicine that studies diseases of the kidneys—one of the most vital organs in the human body.
The kidneys’ primary functions include:
Filtering blood and removing waste products, excess fluids, and toxins
Regulating fluid balance in the body
Maintaining electrolyte and acid-base (pH) balance
In addition, the kidneys secrete hormones that play essential roles in:
Regulating blood pressure
Producing erythropoietin, a hormone responsible for red blood cell production
Decline in kidney function can affect many systems, including blood coagulation, making it essential for patients to consult a specialist promptly—especially in cases of diabetes, hypertension (high blood pressure), or proteinuria. Kidney problems can also be associated with other conditions such as cardiovascular, hematological, or rheumatologic diseases.
The main types of kidney diseases include:
Kidney damage caused by diabetes and hypertension
Glomerular diseases
Vascular disorders
In many cases, kidney diseases progress without noticeable symptoms. One of the most effective screening tools is a routine urine test, which at Enmedic Clinic is conducted using the RXL Max biochemical analyzer by the German company SIEMENS.
This analyzer is fully automated, open-type, and high-performance, providing accurate test results in the shortest time. It uses spectrophotometry as the measurement mechanism.