Gynecology is a branch of medicine that focuses on the health of the female reproductive system. It covers various aspects, including:
Prevention and Screening – Early detection of gynecological diseases (Pap smear, mammography, screening for infections)
Menstrual Cycle Disorders – Irregular periods, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea
Pregnancy and Childbirth – Gynecologists often monitor and manage pregnancy and delivery
Hormonal Imbalances – Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), menopause, thyroid and other endocrine disorders
Gynecological Surgeries – Surgical treatment of ovaries, uterus, and other reproductive organs
Infections and STIs – Bacterial vaginosis, HPV, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and more
Infertility and Reproductive Technologies – Treatment of infertility, in vitro fertilization (IVF)
Gynecologic Oncology – Diagnosis and treatment of cancers of the cervix, ovaries, uterus, and vulva
Gynecology and Endocrinology – Key Connections:
Menstrual Cycle Disorders
Endocrine causes: Thyroid disorders, pituitary hormone imbalances, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hyper- or hypoestrogenism
Gynecological management: Hormone therapy, contraceptives, dietary adjustments
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Endocrine aspect: Insulin resistance, elevated testosterone, prolactin imbalance
Gynecological aspect: Irregular cycles, infertility, hirsutism, acne
Menopause and Perimenopause
Endocrine aspect: Decreased estrogen and progesterone, increased risk of osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases
Gynecological management: Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), symptom control
Hormonal Infertility
Endocrine causes: Hypothyroidism, pituitary microadenomas, insulin resistance, progesterone deficiency
Gynecological treatment: Hormone therapy, assisted reproductive technologies (IVF)
Sexually Transmitted Infections and Immune Reactions
Endocrine influence: Chronic stress and elevated cortisol can suppress immunity, increasing susceptibility to infections
Gynecological management: Infection prevention, vaccination (HPV)
Diabetes and Reproductive Health
Endocrine aspect: Insulin resistance, high blood sugar levels, fetal development risks during pregnancy
Gynecological aspect: Managing gestational diabetes, addressing infertility challenges